Networking

A Network is a group of computers and other hardware components interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information. This process in which we shared the information, we can called Networking. In it we use some devices Like Router , Switch etc.

To Manage The Router and Switch we need to configure a Terminal Emulation Software.

i.e. Hyper terminal- this is windows default software.

      Putty- (Windows and Linux support both OS), Secure CRT, Mini Com etc.

Router IOS has some modes like Computer Modes (safe mode, normal mode, etc). Router has Mainly three modes.

1. User Exec Mode:- As Started the router, first of all we reach in exec mode, after we can go to enable mode and configuration mode. We can only do Basic monitoring in exec mode.

This mode is appear on the router as given below

 Router>

2. Enable Mode or Privilege Mode:- In this mode we can watch the services of router that is running or not running.This mode is appear on the router as given below

 Router#

3. Configuration Mode or Global Configuration Mode.:- This is the main mode of administration of Network. In this mode we can do every configuration of Device. This mode is appear on the router as given below

 Router(config)#

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Router have a Routing table. This table contains the all information about the data  like source, destination, etc and according to this table router routes the packet to its destination. To make a routing table two methods are given below.

1-Static Routing

In this process Network Administrator have to manually  configured all network related information in the network device. According to these information router transmit and receive data. This is called static routing.

Static Routing Configuration

2-Dynamic Routing

In dynamic Routing Network Administrator uses some protocols that called Dynamic Routing Protocols. As RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, BGP etc. Only Administrator have to enable any dynamic protocol, all of rest work protocol do itself (collect all network related information as needed). This is called Dynamic Routing.

if Network is huge, then we should have to use Dynamic Routing, because to define the manually static routes are some tough.

Dynamic Routing Protocols are categorized as per the below table:-

IP Class	Interior Gateway Protocols			Exterior Gateway Protocols
	Distance Vector Routing Protocols		Link-State Routing Protocols	Path Vector
IPv4 (Classful)	RIP	IGRP		BGPv4
IPv4 (Classless)	RIPv2	EIGRP	OSPF
IPv6	RIPng	EIGRP for  IPv6	OSPFv3	BGPv4 for IPv6

all of the routing protocols  and configuration is defined properly as per topic in other pages.